X (formerly Twitter)
Social media platform acquired by Elon Musk in 2022 for $44 billion. Mass layoffs gutted trust and safety; hate speech rose ~50%; inauthentic accounts persisted; twitter.com domain retired in 2025. A case study in enshittification and platform capture.
Further Reading
- X's tumultuous journey under Elon Musk
- X is hiring staff for security and safety after two years of layoffs
- Elon Musk's X: A complete timeline of what Twitter has become
- Elon Musk's 'social experiment on humanity': How X evolved in 2024
- X under Musk: Substantial hate and no reduction in inauthentic accounts
- The last remnants of Twitter are being phased out at Elon Musk's X
- Elon Musk's X strikes tentative agreement to settle $500M lawsuit over Twitter firings
- Elon Musk's X is laying off employees again